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The Religion of Black Panther’s Jabari Tribe Raises Questions About Cultural Appropriation

Author: Charles Pulliam-Moore / Source: io9

Winston Duke as M’Baku, leader of the Jabari Tribe in Black Panther.
Image: Marvel

The moment you first lay eyes on Black Panther’s Wakanda, you can immediately see the care and attention to detail that went into realizing the fictional nation’s diverse array of cultures.

They blend elements of the fantastical with actual African iconography, languages, and tradition. But certain religious aspects have raised eyebrows.

Black Panther production designer Hannah Beachler has spoken at length about just how hard the minds behind the film worked to create a Wakanda that was respectful of the real-world cultures that influenced it, and it certainly shows. But one particular moment in the film was allegedly cause enough for India’s Central Board of Film Certification to bleep out a line because of what some might consider cultural appropriation.

At one point during the film, M’Baku, leader of the Jabari, says “glory to Hanuman,” a reference to his tribe’s gorilla deity—their answer to the panther goddess Bast, who’s worshipped by the royal family.

Hanuman doesn’t play much of a role in the Black Panther film or comics, but the deity is featured prominently throughout the Hindu epic poem Ramayana, a fundamental text that informs much of Indian society both culturally and religiously. In one story within the Ramayana, Hanuman (a monkey deity, not a gorilla) is tasked with retrieving the sanjeevani, a fabled herb that can heal mortal wounds and resurrect the dead—something he needs to save the life Lakshmana, son of Rama.

Though Hanuman knows that the special herb is located somewhere on a mountain in the Himalayas, he isn’t exactly sure what it looks like and so he does the sensible thing and brings the entire mountain back. While there are a number of tales about Hanuman throughout…

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