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Art can make science easier to remember

Author: Alison Pearce Stevens / Source: Science News for Students

teenage girl painting in art class
Using painting to illustrate science concepts may help cement the new knowledge, a new study suggests.

Art and science may seem like polar opposites. One involves the creative flow of ideas, and the other cold, hard data — or so some people believe.

In fact, the two have much in common. Both require a lot of creativity. People also use both to better understand the world around us. Now, a study finds, art also can help students remember better what they learned in science class.

Mariale Hardiman is an education specialist at Johns Hopkins University in Columbia, Md. Back when she was a school principal, she had noticed that students who used art in the classroom were more engaged. They might listen more intently. They might ask more questions. They might volunteer more ideas. What’s more, students seemed to remember more of what they had been taught when their lessons had involved art. But Hardiman knew the only way to test whether and how well art might really improve learning was to test it with an experiment. So she teamed up with other Johns Hopkins researchers and six local schools.

The researchers worked with teachers in 16 fifth-grade classrooms. The scientists took the traditional science lessons and created art-focused versions of them.

In a traditional science classroom, for instance, students might read aloud from a book. In the art-focused class, they might now sing or rap the information instead. Another example: Traditional science classes often use charts and graphs. The art classrooms instead had students create collages and other types of art. Everyone would get the same information —just learn it in different ways.

The team then randomly assigned each of the 350 students to either a traditional science classroom or an art-focused one. Students then learned science using that approach for the entire unit — about three weeks. When they switched to a new topic, they also changed to the other type of class. This way, each student had both an art-focused class and a standard one. Every unit was taught both ways, to different groups of students. This let the researchers see how students did in both types of classes.

dance science
Students in Hardiman’s study learned through drawing, painting, song and dance.

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